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Jozef Israëls
Dutch painter (–)
"Israels" redirects here. For Jozef's son, also a Dutch painter, see Isaac Israëls. For other uses, see Israel (disambiguation).
Jozef Israëls (Dutch pronunciation:[ˈjoːzəfˈɪsraːɛls]; 27 January – 12 August ) was a Dutch painter.
He was a leading member of the group of landscape painters referred to as the Hague School and was, during his lifetime, "the most respected Dutch artist of the second half of the nineteenth century."[1]
Early life
He was born in Groningen to Jewish parents.
Jozef israeli biography of mahatma gandhi In his childhood he learned Hebrew and Jewish wisdom and lore, and throughout his long life, his studio w'as always closed on the Sabbath. As a child, Israels attended art classes after school. When he was sixteen, he went to Amsterdam to study with Jan Adam Kruseman, a celebrated painterof historical pictures, and in he was admitted to the Academy of Fine Arts. Back in Holland, he lived in Amsterdam and painted historical and biblical subjects. In , however, after a severe illness, he visited the seashore to recuperate.His father, Hartog Abraham Israëls, was a money changer and intended for Jozef to be a businessman. His mother was Mathilda Salomon née Polack, and she hoped that Jozef would become a rabbi. When he was eleven years old, he attended Minerva Academy in Groningen and he began to study painting.[2][3]
He subsequently continued his studies in Amsterdam, studying at the Royal Academy for Fine Arts, which later became the State Academy for Fine Arts.
He was a pupil of Jan Kruseman and attended the drawing class at the academy. From September until May he was in Paris, working in the history painter François-Édouard Picot's studio and taking classes at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts under James Pradier, Horace Vernet, and Paul Delaroche.
Biography of mahatma gandhi If you are not happy with this, you can opt-out below. Read More. Please check the dates on What's on. Research Unit. Subscribe to our newsletter and be the first to know about everything new at Ben Uri, including the constantly evolving and expansive online content across our exhibitions, collection and research.He returned to Amsterdam in September , where he resumed his studies at the Academy until May [4] Israëls remained in Amsterdam until , when he moved to The Hague and became a leading member of the Hague School of landscape painters.
Sensibility
Israëls has often been compared to Jean-François Millet.
As artists, even more than as painters in the strict sense of the word, they both saw in the life of the poor and humble a motive for expressing with peculiar intensity their wide human sympathy; but Millet was the poet of placid rural life, while in almost all Israëls' pictures there is some piercing note of woe. Edmond Duranty said that they were painted with gloom and suffering.
He began with historical and dramatic subjects in the romantic style of the day.
After an illness, he went to recuperate his strength at the fishing town of Zandvoort near Haarlem, and there he was struck by the daily tragedy of life. Henceforth, he was possessed by a new vein of artistic expression, sincerely realistic, full of emotion and pity.
Among his more important subsequent works are The Zandvoort Fisherman (in the Amsterdam Gallery), The Silent House (which gained a gold medal at the Brussels Salon, ), and Village Poor (a prize at Manchester).
In , he achieved great success in London with his The Shipwrecked Mariner, purchased by a Mr Young, and The Cradle, two pictures that the Athenaeum magazine described as the most touching pictures of the exhibition.
A portrait of Jozef Israëls was painted by the Scottish painter George Paul Chalmers .
In , he was made an Officer in the Order of Leopold.[6]
Later work
His later works include The Widower (in the Mesdag collection), When we grow Old, Peasant Family at the Table[7] and Alone in the World (Van Gogh Museum / Amsterdam Gallery), An Interior (Dordrecht Gallery), A Frugal Meal (Glasgow Museum), Toilers of the Sea,Speechless Dialogue,Between the Fields and the Seashore,The Bric-a-brac Seller (which gained medals of honor at the Paris Exhibition of ).
David Singing before Saul, one of his later works, seems to hint at a return on the part of the venerable artist to the Rembrandtesque note of his youth.[8] As a watercolour painter and etcher he produced a vast number of works, which, like his oil paintings, are full of deep feeling.
Jozef israeli biography of mahatma Although his father wanted him to be a businessman, he was eventually allowed to study art and trained at the Minerva Academy in Groningen from , with Jan Adam Kruseman, and then at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Amsterdam under Jan Willem Pieneman. From to , he lived and worked in Paris as an apprentice in the studio of history painter Francois-Edouard Picot, and as a student at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, under Horace Vernet and Paul Delaroche. His early work was inspired by the later paintings of Rembrandt, as well as that of his teachers. He also visited Germany, studying the German Romantic artists. He returned to Holland in , but in , while recuperating from an illness in Zandvoort, he was inspired by the local fishing community.They are generally treated in broad masses of light and shade, which give prominence to the principal subject without any neglect of detail.
Israëls probably influenced many other painters; one them was the Scottish painter Robert McGregor (–).
Personal life
He married Aleida née Schaap and together the couple had two children: a daughter, Mathilde Anna Israëls, and a son, Isaac Lazarus Israëls, born in , who also became a fine art painter.
On August 12, Jozef Israëls died in Scheveningen, The Hague.[2]
References
Attribution:
Bibliography
- Jan Veth, Mannen of Betekenis: Jozef Israëls
- Chesneau, Peintres français et étrangers
- Philippe Zilcken, Peintres hollandais modernes ()
- Dumas, Illustrated Biographies of Modern Artists (–)
- J.
de Meester, in Max Roose's Dutch Painters of the Nineteenth Century ()
- Jozef Israëls, Spain: the Story of a Journey ().